import java.util.Locale;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String s1 = "abcd";
        String s2 = "abc";
        String s3 = "acdbefg";
        System.out.println(s1.substring(1));//bcd
        System.out.println(s3.substring(1,5));//cdbe
        System.out.println(s1.toUpperCase());//ABCD
    }
}
